Problem Exercises
1: What is the sensitivity of the galvanometer (that is, what current gives a full-scale deflection) inside a voltmeter that has a $latex boldsymbol{1.00 – ;textbf{M} Omega} $ resistance on its 30.0-V scale?
2: What is the sensitivity of the galvanometer (that is, what current gives a full-scale deflection) inside a voltmeter that has a $latex boldsymbol{25.0 – ;textbf{k} Omega} $ resistance on its 100-V scale?
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3: Find the resistance that must be placed in series with a $latex boldsymbol{25.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer having a $latex boldsymbol{50.0 – ;mu textbf{A}} $ sensitivity (the same as the one discussed in the text) to allow it to be used as a voltmeter with a 0.100-V full-scale reading.
4: Find the resistance that must be placed in series with a $latex boldsymbol{25.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer having a $latex boldsymbol{50.0 – ;mu textbf{A}} $ sensitivity (the same as the one discussed in the text) to allow it to be used as a voltmeter with a 3000-V full-scale reading. Include a circuit diagram with your solution.
5: Find the resistance that must be placed in parallel with a $latex boldsymbol{25.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer having a $latex boldsymbol{50.0 – ;textbf{A}} $ sensitivity (the same as the one discussed in the text) to allow it to be used as an ammeter with a 10.0-A full-scale reading. Include a circuit diagram with your solution.
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6: Find the resistance that must be placed in parallel with a $latex boldsymbol{25.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer having a $latex boldsymbol{50.0 – ;mu textbf{A}} $ sensitivity (the same as the one discussed in the text) to allow it to be used as an ammeter with a 300-mA full-scale reading.
7: Find the resistance that must be placed in series with a $latex boldsymbol{10.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer having a $latex boldsymbol{100 – ;mu textbf{A}} $ sensitivity to allow it to be used as a voltmeter with: (a) a 300-V full-scale reading, and (b) a 0.300-V full-scale reading.
8: Find the resistance that must be placed in parallel with a $latex boldsymbol{10.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer having a $latex boldsymbol{100 – ;mu textbf{A}} $ sensitivity to allow it to be used as an ammeter with: (a) a 20.0-A full-scale reading, and (b) a 100-mA full-scale reading.
9: Suppose you measure the terminal voltage of a 1.585-V alkaline cell having an internal resistance of $latex boldsymbol{0.100 ;Omega} $ by placing a $latex boldsymbol{1.00 – ;textbf{k} Omega} $ voltmeter across its terminals. (See Figure 11.) (a) What current flows? (b) Find the terminal voltage. (c) To see how close the measured terminal voltage is to the emf, calculate their ratio.
10: Suppose you measure the terminal voltage of a 3.200-V lithium cell having an internal resistance of $latex boldsymbol{5.00 ;Omega} $ by placing a $latex boldsymbol{1.00 – ;textbf{k} Omega} $ voltmeter across its terminals. (a) What current flows? (b) Find the terminal voltage. (c) To see how close the measured terminal voltage is to the emf, calculate their ratio.
11: A certain ammeter has a resistance of $latex boldsymbol{5.00 times 10^{-5} ;Omega} $ on its 3.00-A scale and contains a $latex boldsymbol{10.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer. What is the sensitivity of the galvanometer?
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12: A $latex boldsymbol{1.00 – ;textbf{M} Omega} $ voltmeter is placed in parallel with a $latex boldsymbol{75.0 – ;textbf{k} Omega} $ resistor in a circuit. (a) Draw a circuit diagram of the connection. (b) What is the resistance of the combination? (c) If the voltage across the combination is kept the same as it was across the $latex boldsymbol{75.0 – ;textbf{k} Omega} $ resistor alone, what is the percent increase in current? (d) If the current through the combination is kept the same as it was through the $latex boldsymbol{75.0 – ;textbf{k} Omega} $ resistor alone, what is the percentage decrease in voltage? (e) Are the changes found in parts (c) and (d) significant? Discuss.
13: A $latex boldsymbol{0.0200 – ;Omega} $ ammeter is placed in series with a $latex boldsymbol{10.00 – ;Omega} $ resistor in a circuit. (a) Draw a circuit diagram of the connection. (b) Calculate the resistance of the combination. (c) If the voltage is kept the same across the combination as it was through the $latex boldsymbol{10.00 – ;Omega} $ resistor alone, what is the percent decrease in current? (d) If the current is kept the same through the combination as it was through the $latex boldsymbol{10.00 – ;Omega} $ resistor alone, what is the percent increase in voltage? (e) Are the changes found in parts (c) and (d) significant? Discuss.
14: Unreasonable Results
Suppose you have a $latex boldsymbol{40.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer with a $latex boldsymbol{25.0 – ;mu textbf{A}} $ sensitivity. (a) What resistance would you put in series with it to allow it to be used as a voltmeter that has a full-scale deflection for 0.500 mV? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are responsible?
15: Unreasonable Results
(a) What resistance would you put in parallel with a $latex boldsymbol{40.0 – ;Omega} $ galvanometer having a $latex boldsymbol{25.0 – ;mu textbf{A}} $ sensitivity to allow it to be used as an ammeter that has a full-scale deflection for $latex boldsymbol{10.0 – ;mu textbf{A}} $? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are responsible?
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